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Words in Swedenborg
and Their Meanings in Modern English
by Rev. Frank Rose
(J - P)
JEALOUSY = love of protecting or keeping something
precious (L. ZELOTYPIA)
JEHOVAH ZEBAOTH (Hebrew) = Lord of hosts
JOT = smallest letter; iota
JUDICIARY SIGNIFICATION = legal meaning (also transl. JUDICIAL
MEANING)
JUSTICE = rightness; uprightness (also transl. RIGHTEOUSNESS)
JUSTIFICATION = making right; making just; God's act of proclaiming
the faithful to be just (not used to mean "excuse")
KNOWLEDGES: 1. knowledges as facts are called KNOWLEDGES,
SCIENTIFICS, and MEMORY-KNOWLEDGES 2.
knowledges as concepts, or ideas about internal things are called KNOWLEDGES or
COGNITIONS
LASTS = last things in a sequence; the most external
things, (also transl.
ULTIMATES)
LATENT = hidden; concealed
LAUDATION = praise
LAUREATE = 1. (n.) someone recognized for an
achievement; 2. (adj.) honored; crowned with a Laurel Wreath
LEASTS = smallest details (also transl. LEAST
THINGS, opp. of GREATESTS)
LEAVE (n.) = consent (also transl. FORBEARANCE)
LEES = sediment; dregs (also transl. FECULENT
THINGS)
LEGUMES = vegetables (especially ones with edible
seeds in pods, also transl. PULSE and VEGETABLES)
LERNAEAN HYDRA = nine-headed serpent in Greek
mythology that lived in the marsh at Lerna
LETTER OF THE WORD = words and literal meaning of
Scriptures (also referred to as THE LETTER; THE SENSE OF THE LETTER and THE
LITERAL SENSE)
LEVIATHAN = large sea animal (compare BEHEMOTH =
large land animal - Job 40:15, 41:1)
LIBERALITY = generosity; kindness
LIBERTINE = person without sexual restraints
LIBIDINOUS = lustful
LIBIDINOUS EFFLUVIUM = lustful stench; lascivious
atmosphere
LIBIDINOUS PROPENSITIES= tendencies to being lustful
LICENTIOUS = immoral; without restraint
LICITNESS = lawfulness, legality
LIGURE = dark blue precious stone
LIMBUS = border; envelope; external covering of the
spirit; the border between the spiritual and natural; (also called THE CUTANEOUS
ENVELOPE OF THE SPIRIT; usually transl. BORDER or ENVELOPE)
LIMPID = clear
LITERAL SENSE = literal meaning of Scriptures
(also referred to as THE LETTER
OF THE WORD; THE LETTER and THE SENSE OF THE LETTER)
LITERATI (L.) = learned people; well
educated people
LORD = title used of THE LORD JESUS CHRIST; God
in Human Form
LOVE OF DOMINION = love of ruling over others (also
called THE
LOVE OF DOMINATING and THE LOVE OF RULING)
LOVE OF SELF = selfishness; loving self alone and not
others except for selfish advantage
LOVE OF THE SEX = love of the opposite sex in general;
attraction to the opposite sex
LOVE OF THE WORLD = worldliness; loving material
things more than heaven
LOVE TRULY CONJUGIAL = true marriage love
LOWER EARTH = region of the Spiritual World, below the
World of Spirits and above hell
LUCRE = greed; love of money
LUCUBRATION = study; thoughtful essay; portion of a
book LUMEN = light
(sometimes used of physical light or deceptive light)
LUMINARY = source of light (the Sun and Moon are
called LUMINARIES)
LUX (L.) = light (sometimes used of a more
spiritual or purer kind of light in contrast to LUMEN)
LUXURY = overindulgence; riotous living
LUXURIOUS = extremely self-indulgent; overindulgent;
riotous
LYCEUM = school (Aristotle's school in ancient Greece
for youths)
MACERATE = soften by soaking in a liquid
MACHINATION = trick; wicked scheme; deceitful device
MACROCOSM = the world on the largest scale; the
universe (in contrast to the MICROCOSM = miniature world; the world within an
individual)
MAGNANIMITY = big heartedness; generosity
MALEDICTION = curse
MALODOROUS= bad smelling
MAN = 1. human being; person (male or female); 2.
aspect of an individual (for example: THE INTERNAL MAN = the internal part
of a person)
MANIFEST = obvious; visible
MANIFOLD = having many parts; numerous
MARITAL = 1. husbandly; belonging to a husband; 2. belonging
to marriage
MARRIAGE LOVE = the love married people have for
each other (usually transl. CONJUGIAL LOVE sometimes MARITAL LOVE; for
many examples see under CONJUGIAL)
MARRIAGE OF GOOD AND TRUTH = bond between good
qualities, and true beliefs (also called THE HEAVENLY CONJUGIAL and
THE HEAVENLY
MARRIAGE)
MATERIAL IDEAS = ideas arising out of experience with
material or physical things (compare: IMMATERIAL IDEAS= ideas formed
from principles, or from inner experiences)
MATRIX = rock from which a precious stone is taken
MAUSOLEUM = large building constructed as a tomb
MAXIM = rule; principle
MEAN = poor
MEAT OFFERING = offering of cakes made with flour and
other ingredients (also transl. MEAL OFFERING)
MEDIATE (adj.) = indirect; by means of something else
MEDIATE GOOD = indirect good; goodness that is not
genuine but is allied to
what is genuine and is useful
MEDIATE INFLUX = indirect inflowing; flowing in by
means of something else
MEDIATELY = indirectly; by means of a go between
MEDIATION = acting as a go between
MEDIUM = means; go between
MELANCHOLY = depression
MELANCHOLY ANXIETY = nervous depression
MEMORIAL = reminder
MEMORABILIA = stories; accounts of experiences (also
transl. MEMORABLE RELATIONS and MEMORABLE OCCURRENCES)
MEMORY KNOWLEDGES = knowledges; data; facts
(especially those derived from experience; also transl. SCIENTIFICS)
MENS (L.) = mind (especially the
higher levels of the mind, in contrast to ANIMUS which refers to the lower levels of the mind)
MENTAL ADVERTENCE = mental awareness; noticing;
observation;
consciousness (formerly transl. ANIMADVERTENCE)
MERE = pure; unmixed; undiluted
CONSISTING OF MERE CORRESPONDENCES (or PURE
CORRESPONDENCES) = consisting entirely of things that
correspond; purely
correspondential
MERE FIRE = only fire
MERE MAN = entirely human; merely human
MERETRICIOUS HIRE = prostitute's pay
MERETRICIOUSNESS = prostitution
MERITORIOUS = looking for a reward of money or merit;
merit seeking
MERUM = pure, undiluted wine
METAPHYSICAL = beyond nature; beyond the physical
METEMPSYCHOSIS = reincarnation
METEOR = 1. meteor; 2. other phenomena in the
sky (such as clouds, wind; etc.)
MICROCOSM = 1. miniature world; 2. human being
as a miniature universe
MICRO-URANOS (also spelled MICROURANOS) = 1.
miniature heaven; 2. human being as a miniature heaven
MIND = spirit; mind (including all levels of love,
feeling, thought, memory, etc.)
MINION = subordinate; slave
MITIGATE = ease; lessen; soften
MITRE = headdress worn by a priest or a king
MITRED PRIMATE = Bishop with a headdress (also transl.
FILLETED
PRIMATE)
MOTORY LIFE = ability to move the body (also transl. MOTOR
LIFE; in contrast to the SENSITIVE LIFE or the ability to experience
sensations)
MOUNTEBANK = clown; jester (also trans. SOOTHSAYER)
MUMMERY = ridiculous play acting; something ludicrous
MULTIFARIOUS = many faceted; various
MUNIFICENCE = generosity
MURRHINE = reddish brown (the color of
"myrrh") MUST (n.) = 1. freshly
squeezed grape juice; 2. new wine
MUTUAL LOVE = love and friendship between people;
caring more about others than about oneself
MYRIAD = 1. ten thousand; 2. an indefinitely
large number
MYRIADS OF MYRIADS = ten thousand times ten thousand
(millions)
NASCENT= beginning; being born
NATIONS= gentiles; heathens
NATIVE GIFT = natural talent
NATURAL = 1. belonging to nature; worldly; earthly;
(used mostly in contrast with"spiritual" rather than in contrast with
"artificial") 2. lowest level of the spiritual world; 3. lowest level of the human mind
NATURAL ANGEL = angel of the natural heaven
NATURAL GOOD = goodness people are born with or
acquire because of a
good temperament (compare GOOD OF THE NATURAL =
good qualities people
on earth acquire by living according to true religious
beliefs)
NATURAL HEAVEN = lowest of the three heavens (also
called THE LOWEST
HEAVEN; FIRST HEAVEN; ULTIMATE HEAVEN)
NATURAL HISTORY = study of nature
NATURAL KINGDOM = lowest of the three kingdoms of
heaven
NATURAL MAN = lowest level of the human mind; person
whose interests are
mainly on that level
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY = physics; natural science
NATURAL SENSE OF THE WORD = literal meaning of the
Word
NATURAL THEOLOGY = theology that comes from the study
of nature (in contrast with theology that is based on revelation)
NATURAL TRUTH = scientific truth; knowledges on the
natural level of the mind
NATURAL WORLD = this world (as opposed to the SPIRITUAL
WORLD)
NATURALISM = belief in nature (instead of in God)
NATURALIST = someone who believes in nature instead,
of in God
NECTAR = drink of the gods (AMBROSIA = food of
the gods)
NEFARIOUS unspeakably bad (also transl. HEINOUS)
NEMESIS = wrath; revenge (from the Greek goddess of
vengeance)
DIVINE NEMESIS= God's revenge
NERVELET = tiny nerve
NEW EARTH = 1. New Church on earth; 2. new external
church
NEW HEAVEN = 1. New Church in heaven; 2. new internal
church
NIDOROUS = reeking; bad smelling; smelling like burnt
flesh (also transl.
MALODOROUS)
NOBLE = well-known; famous; of superior quality (also
transl. NOTABLE)
THE NOBLE FRENCH NATION = the well-known French nation
NOISOME ODOUR = strong offensive smell
NOISOME TASTE = offensive taste
NOVITIATE (n.) = newcomer
NOVITIATE ANGEL = newcomer to heaven; newly arrived
angel
NOVITIATE SPIRIT = newcomer to the spiritual world;
someone who has
recently died
NOXIOUS= harmful; destructive
NULLITY = nothingness
NULLITY OF GOOD = total lack of good
NUPTIAL (n.) = wedding; wedding ceremony
NUPTIAL (adj.) = related to weddings or to being
married
NUTATION = wobble; nodding motion
NYMPH = stage in the process of change from
caterpillar to butterfly
OBFUSCATE = confuse; make something unclear
OBLATION = religious offering or sacrifice
OBSEQUIES = funeral rites
OBSEQUIOUS = abject and slavish obedience
OBSEQUIOUSNESS = compliance; yielding to pressure
OBTUSE = blunt; dull; weak
OCCASION = opportunity; favorable moment
OCCASION OF EVIL = favorable moment to do something
evil
OCCASIONAL INFLUX = (a philosophic term that expresses
the idea that spiritual things flow into natural ones and not the other way
around, also called SPIRITUAL INFLUX and OPPORTUNE INFLOW, the
opposite of PHYSICAL INFLUX)
OCCIPITAL REGION = region at the back of the head OCCIPUT
= back of the head
OCHIM (Hebrew) = howling creatures (possibly
screech owls, Isaiah 13:21, transl. "doleful creature" King James Bible)
OCULAR EXPERIENCE = actual sight; observation
OF = 1. of; 2. for; 3. from
OFFICE = job; position; function; service
OFFSCOURING (n.) = filth; whatever is washed
off
OMEN = favorable opportunity; first sign that the
individual is ready for marriage
OMNIPOTENT= all powerful
OMNIPRESENT = present everywhere
OMNISCIENT = knowing all things
OPALINE SILK = silk the color of an opal; iridescent
silk OPINE = offer an opinion
OPPORTUNE TIMES = favorable moments; advantageous
times
OPPORTUNE INFLOW (see OCCASIONAL INFLUX)
OPTICAL CYLINDER = highly polished cylinder used to
reflect a picture that has been drawn in such a way that it looks distorted on
the flat page. The picture looks right when its reflection is seen on the
cylinder
OPULENCE = wealth
OPULENT = rich; wealthy
ORBICULAR = circular; rounded
ORCHESTRA =
balcony
ORDER (v.) = arrange; put in order
ORDINATE (v.) = put into order; arrange
ORDINATION = ordering; putting in order
ORGAN = 1. part of the body 2. musical instrument (not
necessarily an organ)
OSSEUS = bony; made of bone; like a bone
OSSIFIED = made into bone; calcified
OWN (n.) = the self; living from and for self; that
which comes from self; selfhood; the feeling of self (usually transl. PROPRIUM; also
transl. SELFHOOD; and SELF-IMAGE) see under PROPRIUM for various
combinations
OVERPLUS = surplus (also transl. SUPERABUNDANCE)
OVULE = ovum; egg (also transl. OVULUM)
PACIFIC = peace-making
PALLADIUM = 1. statue of the goddess "Pallas
Athene"; 2. object of worship; 3.
octagonal building in the spiritual world
PALLAS (pl. PALLASES) = 1. goddess; 2. Pallas
Athene PALLID = pale
PALMERWORM = kind of caterpillar or locust
PANEGYRIST = person who writes a eulogy in praise of
someone who has died (also called a EULOGIZER)
PANGS = 1. pains; 2. labor pains
PAPAL RELIGION = Roman Catholic religion
PAPISTS = Roman Catholics
PARADISE = park; garden (like the garden of Eden);
beautiful landscape
PARADISAL HEAVEN = heaven with beautiful flower
gardens and parks
PARCHMENT = document written on a skin
PARNASSIUM = hill in the spiritual world (near the
higher hill HELICON)
PARNASSIAN = someone living on Parnassus or Parnassium
PARNASSUS = mountain in Greece
PAROXYSM = convulsion
PARTICULAR (n.) = detail; specific item (in contrast
to GENERAL) PASCHAL SUPPER = Jewish Passover
PASSION = suffering
PASSION OF THE CROSS = Christ's suffering on the cross
PATIENT = something acted on (compare AGENT =
something that acts
on something else)
PATRIARCH = head or chief of a tribe (Abraham, Isaac
and Jacob were
"Patriarchs")
PECULIAR = individual; unique; belonging to; special
to
PELLICACY = having a mistress
PELLUCID = transparent; clear
PELLUCIDITY = clarity; transparency
PENULTIMATE = second from the last
PENURY OF TRUTH = lack of truth
PERDITION = ruin; total destruction
PERFIDIOUS = treacherous
PERMISSIONS = things allowed or permitted but not
necessarily desired by God
PERSONATE = impersonate; imitate
PERSPICACIOUS = smart; clear-sighted; clear-minded
PERSPICUOUS = distinct; clear
PERSUASION (n.) = conviction; system of religious
belief (mostly used of false beliefs)
PERSUASIONS = convictions; opinions; things one is
persuaded to believe
whether true or false
PERSUASIVE (n.) = religious belief; persuading
influence
PERTINACIOUS = stubborn
PERTINACITY = stubbornness; unwillingness to change
PERTURB = confuse; greatly disturb
PERTURBATION = great disturbance; confusion
PESTIFEROUS ACCUMULATIONS = air pollution; toxic
substances that have accumulated
PHALANX = line of soldiers; military formation
PHANTASM = imaginary mental image; vision; apparition
(also called a
PHANTOM)
PHANTASTIC (also spelled FANTASTIC) =
imaginary; visionary; fanciful
PHANTASTIC ART = imaginative art
PHANTASTIC
SUN = imaginary sun
PHANTASTICAL (also spelled FANTASTICAL) =
imaginary
PHANTASY (also spelled FANTASY) = something
imagined; illusion
PHANTOM = vision; ghost; apparition
PHILAUTIA (Greek) = selfishness; self-love;
self-regard
PHLEGM = mucus
PHYSICAL INFLUX = physical inflow (from the physical
plane to the spiritual
plane; opp. of SPIRITUAL INFLUX)
PIETY = religious devotion
PLANE = 1. level surface; 2. level of reality; 3.
level of the mind
PLASTIC = formative; creative
PLEBEIAN = common; ordinary PLENARY = full;
complete
POLYGAMIC BED = bed that a polygamist uses (a man with
more than one wife)
PONTIFF = Roman Catholic Pope
PONTIFICAL RELIGION = Roman Catholic church (also
called the PAPAL
RELIGION)
POPEDOM = Roman Catholicism
PORPHYRY = purple-colored precious stone
PORTENT = prophetic sign or indication
PORTICO = covered walkway; porch
POSTDILUVIAN MAN = person who lived after the flood
POSTERIOR (n.) = 1. something that comes later;
2. something lower
POSTERIOR (adj.) = 1. coming later; 2. on a
lower level
POSTERIOR STATE = later condition or state (in
contrast to PRIOR STATE)
POSTERITY = descendant; generation
THIRD POSTERITY = third generation (etc.)
POSTHUMOUS MAN = person after death
POTENCY = power (also used of sexual potency)
IN POTENCY = potentially
POU (also spelled PU, Greek) =
somewhere or other (used together with the Latin word UBI to
mean "some undefined place")
PRASINOUS = colored bright green
PRATING = talking nonsense
PREADAMITE = person who lived before Adam
PRECIPITATE (v.) = rush into; act quickly; plunge into
PREDICATED = affirmed as a quality of something
PREDICATION = 1. thing predicated; 2. sermon
PREDESTINATE = predestine; determine ahead of time
PREEMINENT WISDOM= superior wisdom; greater wisdom
than others
PRELATE = person high in the church hierarchy, such as
a bishop or archbishop
PRESENTLY = soon after; after a slight delay
PREVIDE = foresee
PREVIDENCE = foresight
PRIAPUS (pl. PRIAPI and PRIAPUSES) =
lecherous male (from the Greek god of male fertility)
PRIMATE = Bishop
PRIMES = first things; things nearest to God (the opp.
of
ULTIMATES = last things; things most remote from God)
PRIMEVAL = 1. from earliest times; 2. related
to first experiences
PRIMITIVES = beginnings; first principles; the very
first forms
PRIMITIVE CHURCH = Christian Church in its earliest
state (also called THE CHURCH OF THE GENTILES)
PRIMOGENITURE = birthright; priority of the first born
PRINCIPIATES = beginnings; origins
PRIOR = coming earlier in time or essence (in contrast
to POSTERIOR)
PRISTINE STATE = former state; earlier condition;
original state
PRIVATION = deprivation
PRIVY = outhouse; latrine
PRIVY (adj.) = private
PRIVY COUNCILLORS= members of the King's cabinet;
King's advisers
PROBITY = uprightness
PROCEDERE (L.) = proceeding;. going forth;
radiating
PROCLIVITY = inclination; tendency
PRODIGALITY = wastefulness
PROFANE (adj.) = unholy
PROFANE (v.) = desecrate; defile; mix the holy with
the unholy
PROFANATION = desecration; mixing the holy with the
unholy
PROGENIES = offspring; children; descendants PROLIFIC
= fertile
PROLIFIC (n.) = living force (sometimes transl.
THE PROLIFIC PRINCIPLE)
PROLIX = too long; long-winded
PROLIXITY = long-windedness
PROMULGATE = declare; publish; make known
PROOF = evidence; confirmation
PROPER TO = belonging to
ITS PROPER LOVE = its own love
PROPER POWER = its own power
PROPINQUITY = closeness; vicinity
PROPITIATE (v.) = atone; improve; seek to win favor
PROPITIATORY = mercy seat in the Tabernacle of Israel
(a means of
reconciliation between God and man, Exodus 25:17)
PROPRIAL = belonging to self; what is one's own
PROPRIAL INTELLIGENCE = conceit
PROPRIUM = what is one's own; self; living from and
for self; selfhood; the feeling of self (also transl. OWN, SELFHOOD and SELF-IMAGE)
ANGELIC PROPRIUM = feeling of self which the angels
have
CELESTIAL PROPRIUM = heavenly feeling of self that
those have who are
willing to be led by the Lord (also transl. HEAVENLY
PROPRIUM and
HEAVENLY OWN)
DIABOLICAL PROPRIUM = feeling of self that the devils
have
DIVINE PROPRIUM = sense of self which Jesus had, and
which He made divine
HUMAN PROPRIUM = feeling of self that humans have
INFERNAL PROPRIUM = hellish feeling of self that
devils have
INTELLECTUAL PROPRIUM, PROPRIAL INTELLIGENCE =
conceit; the sense
that our intelligence is our own
PROPRIUM OF INNOCENCE = sense of self that
acknowledges that all that is
good is from God
VIVIFIED PROPRIUM = sense of self that is made alive
in the process of
regeneration
VOLUNTARY PROPRIUM = self-will; sense that our loves
and desires are our
own
PROSTRATE (v.) = lie face down on the ground (for
prayer)
PROVE = 1. test; 2. confirm; illustrate (not in the
sense of "logically convince")
PROXIMATE = close; very near
PROXIMATE SENSE = 1. somewhat deeper meaning of the
words very near to
the literal meaning; implied meaning; 2. inner meaning
of Scripture as it applies
to the history of churches (also called THE
INTERNAL HISTORICAL SENSE)
PROXIMATELY = most nearly
PROXIMITIES = ways in which things are close to each
other
PRURIENT ITCH = itching to have sex
PU (also spelled POU, Greek) =
somewhere or other (used together with the Latin word UBI to mean "some undefined
place")
PUBES (L.) = pubic area; pelvis
PUGILIST= fighter; boxer
PULSE = vegetables (especially ones with edible seeds
in pods, also transl.
LEGUMES and VEGETABLES)
PUNGENT = piercing; stinging; biting
PURBLIND = partially blind
PURE CORRESPONDENCES (see MERE CORRESPONDENCES)
PURULENT = festering; infected
PUSTULE = blister; pimple (also transl. BLAIN)
PUSTULOUS = infected; full of pimples
PUTREFACTION = decay
PUTRIFY = rot
PYTHONIC = related to a spirit medium or oracle
to Q
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